Ken Birman
List of publications from the DBLP Bibliography Server - FAQ
2009 | ||
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131 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Ken Birman, Danny Dolev, Chuck Sakoda: Implementing reliable event streams in large systems via distributed data flows and recursive delegation. DEBS 2009 | |
130 | Hakim Weatherspoon, Lakshmi Ganesh, Tudor Marian, Mahesh Balakrishnan, Ken Birman: Smoke and Mirrors: Reflecting Files at a Geographically Remote Location Without Loss of Performance. FAST 2009: 211-224 | |
129 | Ken Birman: Rethinking Multicast for Massive-Scale Platforms. ICDCS 2009: 1 | |
128 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Kenneth P. Birman: WS-OBJECTS: Extending Service-Oriented Architecture with Hierarchical Composition of Client-Side Asynchronous Event-Processing Logic. ICWS 2009: 25-34 | |
127 | Ken Birman, Jared Cantwell, Daniel Freedman, Qi Huang, Petko Nikolov, Krzysztof Ostrowski: Building Collaboration Applications that Mix Web Services Hosted Content with P2P Protocols. ICWS 2009: 509-518 | |
126 | Michael Siegenthaler, Ken Birman: Sharing Private Information Across Distributed Databases. NCA 2009: 82-89 | |
125 | Ken Birman, Fred B. Schneider: Viewpoint - Program committee overload in systems. Commun. ACM 52(5): 34-37 (2009) | |
124 | Ken Birman, Jared Cantwell, Daniel Freedman, Qi Huang, Petko Nikolov, Krzysztof Ostrowski: Edge Mashups for Service-Oriented Collaboration. IEEE Computer 42(5): 90-94 (2009) | |
123 | Kenneth P. Birman, Fred B. Schneider: The Monoculture Risk Put into Context. IEEE Security & Privacy 7(1): 14-17 (2009) | |
122 | Vincent Gramoli, Ymir Vigfusson, Ken Birman, Anne-Marie Kermarrec, Robbert van Renesse: Slicing Distributed Systems. IEEE Trans. Computers 58(11): 1444-1455 (2009) | |
121 | Kenneth M. Hopkinson, Kate Jenkins, Kenneth P. Birman, James S. Thorp, Gregory Toussaint, Manu Parashar: Adaptive Gravitational Gossip: A Gossip-Based Communication Protocol with User-Selectable Rates. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. 20(12): 1830-1843 (2009) | |
120 | Lonnie Princehouse, Ken Birman: Code-partitioning gossip. Operating Systems Review 43(4): 40-44 (2009) | |
119 | Ken Birman, Gregory Chockler, Robbert van Renesse: Toward a cloud computing research agenda. SIGACT News 40(2): 68-80 (2009) | |
2008 | ||
118 | Tudor Marian, Mahesh Balakrishnan, Ken Birman, Robbert van Renesse: Tempest: Soft state replication in the service tier. DSN 2008: 227-236 | |
117 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Ken Birman, Danny Dolev, Jong Hoon Ahnn: Programming with Live Distributed Objects. ECOOP 2008: 463-489 | |
116 | Jong Hoon Ahnn, Ken Birman, Krzysztof Ostrowski, Robbert van Renesse: Using live distributed objects for office automation. Middleware (Companion) 2008: 30-35 | |
115 | Jong Hoon Ahnn, Ken Birman, Krzysztof Ostrowski, Robbert van Renesse: Using live distributed objects for office automation: demo proposal. Middleware (Companion) 2008: 70-73 | |
114 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Ken Birman, Danny Dolev: Quicksilver Scalable Multicast (QSM). NCA 2008: 9-18 | |
113 | Mahesh Balakrishnan, Tudor Marian, Ken Birman, Hakim Weatherspoon, Einar Vollset: Maelstrom: Transparent Error Correction for Lambda Networks. NSDI 2008: 263-278 | |
112 | Vincent Gramoli, Ymir Vigfusson, Ken Birman, Anne-Marie Kermarrec, Robbert van Renesse: A fast distributed slicing algorithm. PODC 2008: 427 | |
111 | Ken Birman: Overcoming Challenges of Maturity. WOWCS 2008 | |
110 | Stefan Pleisch, Kenneth P. Birman: SENSTRAC: scalable querying of sensor networks from mobile platforms using tracking-style queries. IJSNET 3(4): 266-280 (2008) | |
2007 | ||
109 | Ken Birman, Mahesh Balakrishnan, Danny Dolev, Tudor Marian, Krzysztof Ostrowski, Amar Phanishayee: Scalable Multicast Platforms for a New Generation of Robust Distributed Applications. COMSWARE 2007 | |
108 | Ken Birman, Anne-Marie Kermarrec, Krzysztof Ostrowski, Marin Bertier, Danny Dolev, Robbert van Renesse: Exploiting Gossip for Self-Management in Scalable Event Notification Systems. ICDCS Workshops 2007: 62 | |
107 | Mahesh Balakrishnan, Kenneth P. Birman, Amar Phanishayee, Stefan Pleisch: Ricochet: Lateral Error Correction for Time-Critical Multicast. NSDI 2007 | |
106 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Ken Birman, Danny Dolev: Live Distributed Objects: Enabling the Active Web. IEEE Internet Computing 11(6): 72-78 (2007) | |
105 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Ken Birman, Danny Dolev: Extensible Architecture for High-Performance, Scalable, Reliable Publish-Subscribe Eventing and Notification. Int. J. Web Service Res. 4(4): 18-58 (2007) | |
104 | Dionysios Kostoulas, Dimitrios Psaltoulis, Indranil Gupta, Kenneth P. Birman, Alan J. Demers: Active and passive techniques for group size estimation in large-scale and dynamic distributed systems. Journal of Systems and Software 80(10): 1639-1658 (2007) | |
103 | Ken Birman: The promise, and limitations, of gossip protocols. Operating Systems Review 41(5): 8-13 (2007) | |
2006 | ||
102 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Ken Birman: Extensible Web Services Architecture for Notification in Large-Scale Systems. ICWS 2006: 383-392 | |
101 | Stefan Pleisch, Mahesh Balakrishnan, Ken Birman, Robbert van Renesse: MISTRAL: : efficient flooding in mobile ad-hoc networks. MobiHoc 2006: 1-12 | |
100 | Benjamin Atkin, Kenneth P. Birman: Network-Aware Adaptation Techniques for Mobile File Systems. NCA 2006: 181-188 | |
99 | Mahesh Balakrishnan, Ken Birman, Amar Phanishayee: PLATO: Predictive Latency-Aware Total Ordering. SRDS 2006: 175-188 | |
98 | Tudor Marian, Ken Birman, Robbert van Renesse: A Scalable Services Architecture. SRDS 2006: 289-300 | |
97 | Kenneth P. Birman: Scalable trust: engineering challenge or complexity barrier? STC 2006: 1-2 | |
96 | Krzysztof Ostrowski, Kenneth P. Birman: Scalable group communication system for scalable trust. STC 2006: 3-6 | |
95 | Kenneth P. Birman, Robbert van Renesse, Werner Vogels: Navigating in the Storm: Using Astrolabe to Adaptively Configure Web Services and Their Clients. Cluster Computing 9(2): 127-139 (2006) | |
94 | Ken Birman: The Untrustworthy Web Services Revolution. IEEE Computer 39(2): 98-100 (2006) | |
2005 | ||
93 | Andrew Herbert, Kenneth P. Birman: Proceedings of the 20th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles 2005, SOSP 2005, Brighton, UK, October 23-26, 2005 ACM 2005 | |
92 | Mahesh Balakrishnan, Stefan Pleisch, Ken Birman: Slingshot: Time-Critical Multicast for Clustered Applications. NCA 2005: 205-214 | |
91 | Dionysios Kostoulas, Dimitrios Psaltoulis, Indranil Gupta, Ken Birman, Alan J. Demers: Decentralized Schemes for Size Estimation in Large and Dynamic Groups. NCA 2005: 41-48 | |
90 | Kenneth P. Birman: Opening remarks. SOSP 2005 | |
89 | Kenneth P. Birman: Can Web Services Scale Up? IEEE Computer 38(10): 107-110 (2005) | |
88 | Kenneth P. Birman: In Computers We Trust. IEEE Distributed Systems Online 6(11): (2005) | |
2004 | ||
87 | Kenneth P. Birman, Robbert van Renesse, Werner Vogels: Adding High Availability and Autonomic Behavior to Web Services. ICSE 2004: 17-26 | |
86 | Kenneth P. Birman: Like it or not, web services are distributed objects. Commun. ACM 47(12): 60-62 (2004) | |
2003 | ||
85 | Kenneth P. Birman, Robbert van Renesse, James Kaufman, Werner Vogels: Navigating in the Storm: Using Astrolabe for Distributed Self-Configuration, Monitoring and Adaptation. Active Middleware Services 2003: 4-13 | |
84 | Indranil Gupta, Kenneth P. Birman: Holistic Operations in Large-Scale Sensor Network Systems: A Probabilistic Peer-to-Peer Approach. Future Directions in Distributed Computing 2003: 180-185 | |
83 | Kenneth P. Birman: The Surprising Power of Epidemic Communication. Future Directions in Distributed Computing 2003: 97-102 | |
82 | Benjamin Atkin, Kenneth P. Birman: Evaluation of an Adaptive Transport Protocol. INFOCOM 2003 | |
81 | Indranil Gupta, Kenneth P. Birman, Prakash Linga, Alan J. Demers, Robbert van Renesse: Kelips: Building an Efficient and Stable P2P DHT through Increased Memory and Background Overhead. IPTPS 2003: 160-169 | |
80 | Kenneth M. Hopkinson, Kenneth P. Birman, Renan Giovanini, Denis V. Coury, Xiaoru Wang, James S. Thorp: Distributed simulation in manufacturing: EPOCHS: integrated commercial off-the-shelf software for agent-based electric power and communication simulation. Winter Simulation Conference 2003: 1158-1166 | |
79 | Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Werner Vogels: Astrolabe: A robust and scalable technology for distributed system monitoring, management, and data mining. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 21(2): 164-206 (2003) | |
78 | Werner Vogels, Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman: The power of epidemics: robust communication for large-scale distributed systems. Computer Communication Review 33(1): 131-135 (2003) | |
77 | Kenneth P. Birman: IEEE Internet Computing: Peer To Peer - The League of SuperNets. IEEE Distributed Systems Online 4(10): (2003) | |
76 | Kenneth P. Birman: The League of SuperNets. IEEE Internet Computing 7(5): 93-96 (2003) | |
2002 | ||
75 | Zhen Xiao, Kenneth P. Birman, Robbert van Renesse: Optimizing Buffer Management for Reliable Multicast. DSN 2002: 187-198 | |
74 | Werner Vogels, Christopher Ré, Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman: A Collaborative Infrastructure for Scalable and Robust News Delivery. ICDCS Workshops 2002: 655-659 | |
73 | Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Dan Dumitriu, Werner Vogels: Scalable Management and Data Mining Using Astrolabe. IPTPS 2002: 280-294 | |
72 | Ohad Rodeh, Kenneth P. Birman, Danny Dolev: Using AVL trees for fault-tolerant group key management. Int. J. Inf. Sec. 1(2): 84-99 (2002) | |
2001 | ||
71 | Indranil Gupta, Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman: Scalable Fault-Tolerant Aggregation in Large Process Groups. DSN 2001: 433-442 | |
70 | Ranveer Chandra, Venugopalan Ramasubramanian, Kenneth P. Birman: Anonymous Gossip: Improving Multicast Reliability in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. ICDCS 2001: 275-283 | |
69 | Kate Jenkins, Kenneth M. Hopkinson, Ken Birman: A Gossip Protocol for Subgroup Multicast. ICDCS Workshops 2001: 25-30 | |
68 | Zhen Xiao, Kenneth P. Birman: Providing Efficient, Robust Error Recovery Through Randomization. ICDCS Workshops 2001: 31-36 | |
67 | Zhen Xiao, Kenneth P. Birman: A Randomized Error Recovery Algorithm for Reliable Multicast. INFOCOM 2001: 239-248 | |
66 | Kenneth P. Birman: Scalability Challenges and Solutions for Emerging Networks. NCA 2001: 2 | |
65 | Ohad Rodeh, Kenneth P. Birman, Danny Dolev: The architecture and performance of security protocols in the ensemble group communication system: Using diamonds to guard the castle. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. Secur. 4(3): 289-319 (2001) | |
64 | Kenneth P. Birman: Technology challenges for virtual overlay networks. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A 31(4): 319-327 (2001) | |
2000 | ||
63 | Öznur Özkasap, Kenneth P. Birman: Throughput Stability of Reliable Multicast Protocols. ADVIS 2000: 159-169 | |
62 | Indranil Gupta, Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman: A Probabilistically Correct Leader Election Protocol for Large Groups. DISC 2000: 89-103 | |
61 | Ohad Rodeh, Kenneth P. Birman, Danny Dolev: Optimized Rekey for Group Communication Systems. NDSS 2000 | |
60 | Kenneth P. Birman: The Next-Generation Internet: Unsafe at Any Speed? IEEE Computer 33(8): 54-60 (2000) | |
59 | Luís Rodrigues, Katherine Guo, Paulo Veríssimo, Kenneth P. Birman: A Dynamic Light-Weight Group Service. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 60(12): 1449-1479 (2000) | |
1999 | ||
58 | Werner Vogels, Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman: Six Misconceptions about Reliable Distributed Computing. HPDC 1999 | |
57 | Michael H. Kalantar, Kenneth P. Birman: Causally Ordered Multicast: the Conservative Approach. ICDCS 1999: 36-44 | |
56 | Öznur Özkasap, Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Zhen Xiao: Efficient Buffering in Reliable Multicast Protocols. Networked Group Communication 1999: 188-203 | |
55 | Xiaoming Liu, Christoph Kreitz, Robbert van Renesse, Jason Hickey, Mark Hayden, Kenneth P. Birman, Robert L. Constable: Building reliable, high-performance communication systems from components. SOSP 1999: 80-92 | |
54 | Kenneth P. Birman, Mark Hayden, Öznur Özkasap, Zhen Xiao, Mihai Budiu, Yaron Minsky: Bimodal Multicast. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 17(2): 41-88 (1999) | |
53 | Kenneth P. Birman, Roy Friedman, Mark Hayden, Injong Rhee: Middleware support for distributed multimedia and collaborative computing. Softw., Pract. Exper. 29(14): 1285-1312 (1999) | |
52 | Kenneth P. Birman: A Review of Experiences with Reliable Multicast. Softw., Pract. Exper. 29(9): 741-774 (1999) | |
1998 | ||
51 | Werner Vogels, Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman: Six misconceptions about reliable distributed computing. ACM SIGOPS European Workshop 1998: 276-279 | |
50 | Werner Vogels, Dan Dumitriu, Kenneth P. Birman, Rod Gamache, Mike Massa, Rob Short, John Vert, Joe Barrera, Jim Gray: The Design and Architecture of the Microsoft Cluster Service - A Practical Approach to High-Availability and Scalability. FTCS 1998: 422-431 | |
49 | Werner Vogels, Dan Dumitriu, Kenneth P. Birman, Rod Gamache, Mike Massa, Rob Short, John Vert, Joe Barrera: The Design and Architecture of the Microsoft Cluster Service - A Practical Approach to High-Availability and Scalability CoRR cs.OS/9809006: (1998) | |
48 | Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Mark Hayden, Alexey Vaysburd, David A. Karr: Building Adaptive Systems Using Ensemble. Softw., Pract. Exper. 28(9): 963-979 (1998) | |
47 | Alexey Vaysburd, Kenneth P. Birman: The Maestro Approach to Building Reliable Interoperable Distributed Applications with Multiple Execution Styles. TAPOS 4(2): 73-80 (1998) | |
1997 | ||
46 | Kenneth P. Birman: Building Secure and Reliable Network Applications. WWCA 1997: 15-28 | |
1996 | ||
45 | Luís Rodrigues, Katherine Guo, Antonio Sargento, Robbert van Renesse, Bradford B. Glade, Paulo Veríssimo, Kenneth P. Birman: A Transparent Light-Weight Group Service. SRDS 1996: 130-139 | |
44 | Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Silvano Maffeis: Horus: A Flexible Group Communication System. Commun. ACM 39(4): 76-83 (1996) | |
1995 | ||
43 | Kenneth P. Birman, Friedemann Mattern, André Schiper: Theory and Practice in Distributed Systems, International Workshop, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, September 5-9, 1994, Selected Papers Springer 1995 | |
42 | Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Roy Friedman, Mark Hayden, David A. Karr: A Framework for Protocol Composition in Horus. PODC 1995: 80-89 | |
41 | Kenneth P. Birman, Bradford B. Glade: Reliability Through Consistency. IEEE Software 12(3): 29-41 (1995) | |
40 | David A. Cooper, Kenneth P. Birman: The design and implementation of a private message service for mobile computers. Wireless Networks 1(3): 297-309 (1995) | |
1994 | ||
39 | Kenneth P. Birman: Merits of a Probabilistic Approach to Properties in Process Group Systems (Informal Position Paper). Dagstuhl Seminar on Distributed Systems 1994: 214-223 | |
38 | Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Thorsten von Eicken, Keith Marzullo: New Applications for Group Computing. Dagstuhl Seminar on Distributed Systems 1994: 58-63 | |
37 | Dalia Malki, Kenneth P. Birman, Aleta Ricciardi, André Schiper: Uniform Actions in Asynchronous Distributed Systems (Extended Abstract). PODC 1994: 274-283 | |
36 | Kenneth P. Birman: Editorial. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 12(1): 1 (1994) | |
35 | Kenneth P. Birman: Preface to the Special Issues on Computer Architecture. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 12(3): 173 (1994) | |
34 | Michael K. Reiter, Kenneth P. Birman, Robbert van Renesse: A Security Architecture for Fault-Toerant Systems. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 12(4): 340-371 (1994) | |
33 | Michael K. Reiter, Kenneth P. Birman: How to Securely Replicate Services. ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. 16(3): 986-1009 (1994) | |
32 | Kenneth P. Birman: Integrating Runtime Consistency Models for Distributed Computing. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 23(2): 158-176 (1994) | |
31 | Kenneth P. Birman: A Response to Cheriton and Skeen's Criticism of Causal and Totally Ordered Communication. Operating Systems Review 28(1): 11-21 (1994) | |
1993 | ||
30 | Kenneth P. Birman: Reliable Enterprise Computing Systems. Hardware and Software Architectures for Fault Tolerance 1993: 140-150 | |
29 | Kenneth P. Birman: Editorial. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 11(2): 107-108 (1993) | |
28 | Kenneth P. Birman: Preface to the Special Issue on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Systems. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 11(4): 299 (1993) | |
27 | Kenneth P. Birman: The Process Group Approach to Reliable Distributed Computing. Commun. ACM 36(12): 36-53, 103 (1993) | |
26 | Bradford B. Glade, Kenneth P. Birman, Robert C. B. Cooper, Robbert van Renesse: Light-weight process groups in the Isis system. Distributed Systems Engineering 1(1): 29-36 (1993) | |
1992 | ||
25 | Kenneth P. Birman: Maintaining consistency in distributed systems. ACM SIGOPS European Workshop 1992 | |
24 | Robbert van Renesse, Kenneth P. Birman, Robert Cooper, Bradford B. Glade, Pat Stephenson: Reliable Multicast between Micro-Kernels. USENIX Workshop on Microkernels and Other Kernel Architectures 1992: 269-284 | |
23 | Aleta Ricciardi, Kenneth P. Birman, Pat Stephenson: The Cost of Order in Asynchronous Systems. WDAG 1992: 329-345 | |
1991 | ||
22 | Kenneth P. Birman: Fault-Tolerance in Sixth-Generation Operating Systems. Operating Systems of the 90s and Beyond 1991: 154-161 | |
21 | Aleta Ricciardi, Kenneth P. Birman: Using Process Groups to Implement Failure Detection in Asynchronous Environments. PODC 1991: 341-353 | |
20 | Kenneth P. Birman, André Schiper, Pat Stephenson: Lightweigt Causal and Atomic Group Multicast. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 9(3): 272-314 (1991) | |
19 | Keith Marzullo, Robert Cooper, Mark D. Wood, Kenneth P. Birman: Tools for Distributed Application Management. IEEE Computer 24(8): 42-51 (1991) | |
18 | Kenneth P. Birman, Robert Cooper: The ISIS Project: Real Experience with a Fault Tolerant Programming System. Operating Systems Review 25(2): 103-107 (1991) | |
17 | Pat Stephenson, Kenneth P. Birman: Fast Causal Multicast. Operating Systems Review 25(2): 75-79 (1991) | |
1990 | ||
16 | Aleta Ricciardi, Kenneth P. Birman: A formalism for fault-tolerant applications in asynchronous systems. ACM SIGOPS European Workshop 1990 | |
15 | Mesaac Makpangou, Kenneth P. Birman: Designing application software in wide area network settings. ACM SIGOPS European Workshop 1990 | |
14 | Pat Stephenson, Kenneth P. Birman: Fast causal multicast. ACM SIGOPS European Workshop 1990 | |
13 | Kenneth P. Birman, Robert Cooper: The ISIS project: real experience with a fault tolerant programming system. ACM SIGOPS European Workshop 1990 | |
12 | Alex Siegel, Kenneth P. Birman, Keith Marzullo: Deceit: A Flexible Distributed File System. USENIX Summer 1990: 51-62 | |
11 | Alex Siegel, Kenneth P. Birman, Keith Marzullo: Position Paper - Deceit: A Flexible Distributed File System. Workshop on the Management of Replicated Data 1990: 15-17 | |
1987 | ||
10 | Kenneth P. Birman, Thomas A. Joseph: Exploiting Virtual Synchrony in Distributed Systems. SOSP 1987: 123-138 | |
9 | Kenneth P. Birman, Thomas A. Joseph: Reliable Communication in the Presence of Failures. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 5(1): 47-76 (1987) | |
1986 | ||
8 | Kenneth P. Birman, Thomas A. Joseph: Communication Support for Reliable Distributed Computing. Fault-Tolerant Distributed Computing 1986: 124-137 | |
7 | Thomas A. Joseph, Kenneth P. Birman: Low Cost Management of Replicated Data in Fault-Tolerant Distributed Systems. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 4(1): 54-70 (1986) | |
1985 | ||
6 | Kenneth P. Birman: Replication and Fault-Tolerance in the ISIS System. SOSP 1985: 79-86 | |
5 | Kenneth P. Birman, Thomas A. Joseph, Thomas Räuchle, Amr El Abbadi: Implementing Fault-Tolerant Distributed Objects. IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 11(6): 502-508 (1985) | |
1984 | ||
4 | Kenneth P. Birman, Thomas A. Joseph, Thomas Räuchle: Extending resilient objets efficiently. Fehlertolerierende Rechensysteme 1984: 40-51 | |
3 | Kenneth P. Birman, Thomas A. Joseph, Thomas Räuchle, Amr El Abbadi: Implementing Fault-Tolerant Distributed Objects. Symposium on Reliability in Distributed Software and Database Systems 1984: 124-133 | |
1982 | ||
2 | Lawrence A. Rowe, Kenneth P. Birman: A Local Network Based on the UNIX Operating System. IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 8(2): 137-146 (1982) | |
1979 | ||
1 | Lawrence A. Rowe, Kenneth P. Birman: Network Support for a Distributed Data Base System. Berkeley Workshop 1979: 337- |