13. WWW 2004: Manhattan, NY, USA - Alternate Track Papers & Posters

@proceedings{DBLP:conf/www/2004at,
  editor    = {Stuart I. Feldman and
               Mike Uretsky and
               Marc Najork and
               Craig E. Wills},
  title     = {Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide
               Web - Alternate Track Papers {\&} Posters, WWW 2004, New York,
               NY, USA, May 17-20, 2004},
  booktitle = {WWW (Alternate Track Papers {\&} Posters)},
  publisher = {ACM},
  year      = {2004},
  isbn      = {1-58113-912-8},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

Sharing educational resources

• Julien Tane, Christoph Schmitz, Gerd Stumme:
  Semantic resource management for the web: an e-learning application. 1-10
  
• Juan Quemada, Gabriel Huecas, Tomás de Miguel, Joaquín Salvachúa, Blanca Fernandez, Bernd Simon, Katherine Maillet, Efiie Lai-Cong:
  Educanext: a framework for sharing live educational resources with isabel. 11-18
  
• Marek Hatala, Griff Richards, Timmy Eap, Jordan Willms:
  The interoperability of learning object repositories and services: standards, implementations and lessons learned. 19-27
  

Sharing educational resources

• Judit Bar-Ilan:
  An outsider's view on "topic-oriented blogging". 28-34
  
• Kathi C. Martin:
  The role of standards in creating community. 35-40
  
• David A. Shamma, Sara Owsley, Kristian J. Hammond, Shannon Bradshaw, Jay Budzik:
  Network arts: exposing cultural reality. 41-47
  

Quality of service

• Carlo Marchetti, Barbara Pernici, Pierluigi Plebani:
  A quality model for multichannel adaptive information. 48-54
  
• Markus Keidl, Alfons Kemper:
  Towards context-aware adaptable web services. 55-65
  
• Yutu Liu, Anne H. H. Ngu, Liangzhao Zeng:
  QoS computation and policing in dynamic web service selection. 66-73
  

Industrial practice I

• Jeremy J. Carroll, Ian Dickinson, Chris Dollin, Dave Reynolds, Andy Seaborne, Kevin Wilkinson:
  Jena: implementing the semantic web recommendations. 74-83
  
• Udaykiran Katikaneni, Roy Ladner, Frederick E. Petry:
  Internet delivery of meteorological and oceanographic data in wide area naval usage environments. 84-88
  
• Leiguang Gong:
  Can web-based recommendation systems afford deep models: a context-based approach for efficient model-based reasoning. 89-93
  

Adaptive e-learning systems

• Thierry Nodenot, Christophe Marquesuzaà, Pierre Laforcade, Christian Sallaberry:
  Model based engineering of learning situations for adaptive web based educational systems. 94-103
  
• Peter Brusilovsky:
  KnowledgeTree: a distributed architecture for adaptive e-learning. 104-113
  
• Natalia Stash, Alexandra I. Cristea, Paul De Bra:
  Authoring of learning styles in adaptive hypermedia: problems and solutions. 114-123
  

Business processes and conversations

• Liliana Ardissono, Davide Cardinio, Giovanna Petrone, Marino Segnan:
  A framework for the server-side management of conversations with web services. 124-133
  
• Girish Chafle, Sunil Chandra, Vijay Mann, Mangala Gowri Nanda:
  Decentralized orchestration of composite web services. 134-143
  
• Hasan Davulcu, Michael Kifer, I. V. Ramakrishnan:
  CTR-S: a logic for specifying contracts in semantic web services. 144-153
  

Student tracking and personalization

• Riccardo Mazza, Vania Dimitrova:
  Visualising student tracking data to support instructors in web-based distance education. 154-161
  
• Robert G. Farrell, Soyini D. Liburd, John C. Thomas:
  Dynamic assembly of learning objects. 162-169
  
• Peter Dolog, Nicola Henze, Wolfgang Nejdl, Michael Sintek:
  Personalization in distributed e-learning environments. 170-179
  

Industrial practice 2

• Andy Davis, Jay Parikh, William E. Weihl:
  Edgecomputing: extending enterprise applications to the edge of the internet. 180-187
  
• Suresh Damodaran:
  B2B integration over the Internet with XML: RosettaNet successes and challenges. 188-195
  

Semantics and discovery

• Wolf-Tilo Balke, Matthias Wagner:
  Through different eyes: assessing multiple conceptual views for querying web services. 196-205
  
• Nirmal Mukhi, Ravi B. Konuru, Francisco Curbera:
  Cooperative middleware specialization for service oriented architectures. 206-215
  

Posters

• Hovhannes Avoyan, Barry Levine:
  Web engineering with the visual software circuit board. 216-217
  
• Thomas Kwok, Thao Nguyen, Linh Lam, Kakan Roy:
  An efficient and systematic method to generate xslt stylesheets for different wireless pervasive devices. 218-219
  
• Daniel Oberle, Steffen Staab, Raphael Volz:
  An application server for the semantic web. 220-221
  
• Pavel Braslavski, Gleb Alshanski, Anton Shishkin:
  ProThes: thesaurus-based meta-search engine for a specific application domain. 222-223
  
• Bo Xie, Peng Han, Ruimin Shen:
  PipeCF: a scalable DHT-based collaborative filtering recommendation system. 224-225
  
• Stefano Ferretti, Marco Roccetti:
  Event synchronization for interactive cyberdrama generation on the web: a distributed approach. 226-227
  
• Christian Bizer, Radoslaw Oldakowski:
  Using context- and content-based trust policies on the semantic web. 228-229
  
• Yusuf Tambag:
  EIOP: an e-commerce interoperability platform. 230-231
  
• Asaf Adi, Opher Etzion, Dagan Gilat, Royi Ronen, Guy Sharon, Inna Skarbovsky:
  Reactive rules inference from dynamic dependency models. 232-233
  
• Szu-Chi Wang, David S. L. Wei, Sy-Yen Kuo:
  SPT-based topology algorithm for constructing power efficient wireless ad hoc networks. 234-235
  
• Sarel Aiber, Dagan Gilat, Ariel Landau, Natalia Razinkov, Aviad Sela, Segev Wasserkrug:
  Business objective based resource management. 236-237
  
• David Simões, Rui Luís, Nuno Horta:
  Enhancing the SCORM metadata model. 238-239
  
• Hiroya Tanaka, Katsumi Tanaka:
  Continuous web: a new image-based hypermedia and scape-oriented browsing. 240-241
  
• Bas Rutten, Peter Barna, Flavius Frasincar, Geert-Jan Houben, Richard Vdovjak:
  HPG: a tool for presentation generation in WIS. 242-243
  
• Mor Naaman, Yee Jiun Song, Andreas Paepcke, Hector Garcia-Molina:
  Automatically generating metadata for digital photographs with geographic coordinates. 244-245
  
• Hai Zhuge, Yanyan Li:
  Active e-course for constructivist learning. 246-247
  
• Norifumi Murayama, Suguru Saito, Manabu Okumura:
  Are web pages characterized by color? 248-249
  
• Xinyan Zhang, Jiangchuan Liu:
  Gossip based streaming. 250-251
  
• Daisuke Kanjo, Yukiko Kawai, Katsumi Tanaka:
  A3: framework for user adaptation using xslt. 252-253
  
• Yizhou Lu, Benyu Zhang, Wensi Xi, Zheng Chen, Yi Liu, Michael R. Lyu, Wei-Ying Ma:
  The powerrank web link analysis algorithm. 254-255
  
• Noriharu Tashiro, Hiromitsu Hattori, Takayuki Ito, Toramatsu Shintani:
  Implementing a proxy agent based writable web for a dynamic information sharing system. 256-257
  
• Carlo Sartiani:
  A query algebra for xml p2p databases. 258-259
  
• Norberto Fernández García, Luis Sánchez Fernández, Jesús Villamor-Lugo:
  Next generation web technologies in content management. 260-261
  
• Min-Yen Kan:
  Web page classification without the web page. 262-263
  
• Enric Mor, Julià Minguillón:
  E-learning personalization based on itineraries and long-term navigational behavior. 264-265
  
• Khaireel A. Mohamed, Lioudmila Belenkaia, Thomas Ottmann:
  Post-processing inkml for random-access navigation of voluminous handwritten ink documents. 266-267
  
• Ion Constantinescu, Boi Faltings, Walter Binder:
  Type based service composition. 268-269
  
• Yuzhong Qu, Zhiqiang Gao:
  Interpreting distributed ontologies. 270-271
  
• Florian Wegscheider, Thomas Dangl, Michael Jank, Rainer Simon:
  A multimodal interaction manager for device independent mobile applications. 272-273
  
• Hai Zhuge, Xue Chen, Xiang Li:
  Modeling the growth of future web. 274-275
  
• Bertrand Sereno, Simon Buckingham Shum, Enrico Motta:
  Semi-automatic annotation of contested knowledge on the world wide web. 276-277
  
• Hai Zhuge, Liping Zheng, Nan Zhang, Xiang Li:
  An automatic semantic relationships discovery approach. 278-279
  
• Jianliang Xu, Wang-Chien Lee, Jiangchuan Liu:
  Scheduling web requests in broadcast environments. 280-281
  
• Gennaro Cordasco, Vittorio Scarano, Cristiano Vitolo:
  Architecture of a p2p distributed adaptive directory. 282-283
  
• Jun Zhao, Carole A. Goble, Robert Stevens:
  Semantic web applications to e-science in silico experiments. 284-285
  
• Vassil Gedov, Carsten Stolz, Ralph Neuneier, Michal Skubacz, Dietmar Seipel:
  Matching web site structure and content. 286-287
  
• Massimiliano Albanese, Antonio Picariello, Carlo Sansone, Lucio Sansone:
  A web personalization system based on web usage mining techniques. 288-289
  
• Dave Reynolds, Paul Shabajee, Steve Cayzer:
  Semantic information portals. 290-291
  
• Michelangelo Diligenti, Marco Maggini, Filippo Maria Pucci, Franco Scarselli:
  Design of a crawler with bounded bandwidth. 292-293
  
• Eero Hyvönen, Arttu Valo, Kim Viljanen, Markus Holi:
  A logic-based semantic web html generator - a poor man's publishing approach. 294-295
  
• Markus Holi, Eero Hyvönen:
  A method for modeling uncertainty in semantic web taxonomies. 296-297
  
• Daniel Brodie, Amrish Gupta, Weisong Shi:
  Keyword-based fragement detection for dynamic web content delivery. 298-299
  
• Olfa Nasraoui, Mrudula Pavuluri:
  Accurate web recommendations based on profile-specific url-predictor neural networks. 300-301
  
• Yuanbo Guo, Zhengxiang Pan, Jeff Heflin:
  Choosing the best knowledge base system for large semantic web applications. 302-303
  
• Hui Yang, Tat-Seng Chua:
  FADA: find all distinct answers. 304-305
  
• Bijan Parsia, Peter F. Patel-Schneider:
  Meaning and the semantic web. 306-307
  
• Ashok U. Mallya, Munindar P. Singh:
  A semantic approach for designing business protocols. 308-309
  
• Cameron L. McCormack, Kim Marriott, Bernd Meyer:
  Constraint SVG. 310-311
  
• Su Myeon Kim, Marcel-Catalin Rosu:
  A survey of public web services. 312-313
  
• Ullas Nambiar, Subbarao Kambhampati:
  Providing ranked relevant results for web database queries. 314-315
  
• Toshihiro Yamaguchi, Hiromitsu Hattori, Takayuki Ito, Toramatsu Shintani:
  On a web browsing support system with 3d visualization. 316-317
  
• Davide Carboni, Andrea Piras, Stefano Sanna, Sylvain Giroux:
  The web around the corner: augmenting the browser with gps. 318-319
  
• Tomoyuki Nanno, Toshiaki Fujiki, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Manabu Okumura:
  Automatically collecting, monitoring, and mining japanese weblogs. 320-321
  
• Mitsutaka Watanabe, Ken-ichi Takaya, Akishi Seo, Masatomo Hashimoto, Tomonori Izumida, Akira Mori:
  A scheme of service discovery and control on ubiquitous devices. 322-323
  
• Yuzhong Qu, Xiang Zhang, Huiying Li:
  OREL: an ontology-based rights expression language. 324-325
  
• Andreas Harth, Stefan Decker, Yu He, Hongsuda Tangmunarunkit, Carl Kesselman:
  A semantic matchmaker service on the grid. 326-327
  
• Ricardo A. Baeza-Yates, Emilio Davis:
  Web page ranking using link attributes. 328-329
  
• Song Gao, Wee Siong Ng, Weining Qian, Aoying Zhou:
  CC-Buddy: an adaptive framework for maintaining cache coherency using peers. 330-331
  
• Hsinping Wang, Tsungnan Lin, Chia Hung Chen, Yennan Shen:
  Dynamic search in peer-to-peer networks. 332-333
  
• Hai Zhuge, Jie Liu:
  A novel heterogeneous data integration approach for p2p semantic link network. 334-335
  
• Henry J. Feldman, Marc M. Triola:
  ResEval: a web-based evaluation system for internal medicine house staff. 336-337
  
• Yi Liu, Benyu Zhang, Zheng Chen, Michael R. Lyu, Wei-Ying Ma:
  Affinity rank: a new scheme for efficient web search. 338-339
  
• Matthew Harren, Mukund Raghavachari, Oded Shmueli, Michael G. Burke, Vivek Sarkar, Rajesh Bordawekar:
  XJ: integration of XML processing into java. 340-341
  
• Piero Fraternali, Pier Luca Lanzi, Maristella Matera, Andrea Maurino:
  Exploiting conceptual modeling for web application quality evaluation. 342-343
  
• Adam Jatowt:
  Web page summarization using dynamic content. 344-345
  
• Yasuhiro Yamada, Nick Craswell, Tetsuya Nakatoh, Sachio Hirokawa:
  Testbed for information extraction from deep web. 346-347
  
• Jian Qin, Naybell Hernández:
  Ontological representation of learning objects: building interoperable vocabulary and structures. 348-349
  
• Noriaki Kawaeme, Hideaki Suzuki, Osamu Mizuno:
  Query and content suggestion based on latent interest and topic class. 350-351
  
• Marcin Sydow:
  Random surfer with back step. 352-353
  
• Pat Pik-Wah Chan, Michael R. Lyu, Roland T. Chin:
  Copyright protection on the web: a hybrid digital video watermarking scheme. 354-355
  
• Dexter Chi Wai Siu, Tak Pang Lau:
  Distributed ranking over peer-to-peer networks. 356-357
  
• Ernesto Damiani, Sabrina De Capitani di Vimercati, Stefano Paraboschi, Pierangela Samarati, Andrea Tironi, Luca Zaniboni:
  Spam attacks: p2p to the rescue. 358-359
  
• Wan Yeung Wong:
  Site-to-site (s2s) searching using the p2p framework with cgi. 360-361
  
• Fabrizio Costa, Paolo Frasconi:
  Distributed community crawling. 362-363
  
• Yingping Huang, Gregory R. Madey:
  Web data integration using approximate string join. 364-365
  
• Geoff Hulten, Joshua T. Goodman, Robert Rounthwaite:
  Filtering spam e-mail on a global scale. 366-367
  
• A. Yip:
  The effect of different types of site maps on user's performance in an information-searching task. 368-369
  
• Fabien Mathieu, Mohamed Bouklit:
  The effect of the back button in a random walk: application for pagerank. 370-371
  
• Vassilis Plachouras, Iadh Ounis:
  Distribution of relevant documents in domain-level aggregates for topic distillation. 372-373
  
• Michael Wollowski, Peter Nei, Chris Barrell:
  A diagrammatic inference system for the web. 374-375
  
• Ty Mey Eap, Marek Hatala, Griff Richards:
  Digital repository interoperability: design, implementation and deployment of the ecl protocol and connecting middleware. 376-377
  
• Anselm Spoerri:
  Metacrystal: visualizing the degree of overlap between different search engines. 378-379
  
• Mohamed A. Kerasha, Ian R. Greenshields:
  Huskysim: a simulation toolkit for application scheduling in computational grids. 380-381
  
• Franco Scarselli, Ah Chung Tsoi, Markus Hagenbuchner:
  Computing personalized pageranks. 382-383
  
• Ka Wai Lam, Chi Ho Leung:
  Rank aggregation for meta-search engines. 384-385
  
• Leila Kalantari, Marek Hatala, Jordan Willms:
  Using semantic web approach in augmented audio reality system for museum visitors. 386-387
  
• Adina Crainiceanu, Prakash Linga, Ashwin Machanavajjhala, Johannes Gehrke, Jayavel Shanmugasundaram:
  A storage and indexing framework for p2p systems. 388-389
  
• Adina Crainiceanu, Prakash Linga, Johannes Gehrke, Jayavel Shanmugasundaram:
  P-tree: a p2p index for resource discovery applications. 390-391
  
• Amy Nicole Langville, Carl Dean Meyer:
  Updating pagerank with iterative aggregation. 392-393
  
• Amir H. Youssefi, David J. Duke, Mohammed Javeed Zaki:
  Visual web mining. 394-395
  
• Ruj Akavipat, Le-Shin Wu, Filippo Menczer:
  Small world peer networks in distributed web search. 396-397
  
• Kazutoshi Sumiya, Mahendren Munisamy, Katsumi Tanaka:
  Tv2web: generating and browsing web with multiple lod from video streams and their metadata. 398-399
  
• Dmitri Roussinov, Jose Antonio Robles-Flores:
  Self-learning web question answering system. 400-401
  
• Vipul Gupta, Douglas Stebila, Sheueling Chang Shantz:
  Integrating elliptic curve cryptography into the web's security infrastructure. 402-403
  
• Hua-Fu Li, Suh-Yin Lee, Man-Kwan Shan:
  On mining webclick streams for path traversal patterns. 404-405
  
• Chu-Hong Hoi, Michael R. Lyu:
  Web image learning for searching semantic concepts in image databases. 406-407
  
• Giuseppe Di Fabbrizio, Charles Lewis:
  An xpath-based discourse analysis module for spoken dialogue systems. 408-409
  
• Michael B. Knapp, Sara Dexter, Robert McLaughlin:
  Metadata co-development: a process resulting in metadata about technical assistance to educators. 410-411
  
• Jeremy J. Carroll, Patrick Stickler:
  RDF triples in XML. 412-413
  
• Hai He, Weiyi Meng, Clement T. Yu, Zonghuan Wu:
  Automatic extraction of web search interfaces for interface schema integration. 414-415
  
• Qian Peng, Weiyi Meng, Hai He, Clement T. Yu:
  Clustering e-commerce search engines. 416-417
  
• Eero Hyvönen, Miikka Junnila, Suvi Kettula, Eetu Mäkelä, Samppa Saarela, Mirva Salminen, Ahti Syreeni, Arttu Valo, Kim Viljanen:
  Publishing museum collections on the semantic web: the museumfinland portal. 418-419
  
• Hak Lae Kim, Hong-Gee Kim, Kyung-Mo Park:
  Ontalk: ontology-based personal document management system. 420-421
  
• Giuseppe Attardi, Andrea Esuli, Maria Simi:
  Best bets: thousands of queries in search of a client. 422-423
  
• Nianjun Zhou, George A. Mihaila, Dikran S. Meliksetian:
  XML data mediator integrated solution for xml roundtrip from xml to relational. 424-425
  
• Mark S. Silver, Sidne G. Ward:
  Browser-based applications: positive transference or interference? 426-427
  
• Matthew Perry, E. Stiles:
  SEMPL: a semantic portal. 428-429
  
• Patrizia Andronico, Marina Buzzi, Barbara Leporini:
  Can I find what I'm looking for? 430-431
  
• Dirk Bade, Georg Nüssel, Gerd Wilts:
  Online feedback by tests and reporting for elearning and certification programs. 432-433
  
• Rainer Simon, Michael Jank, Florian Wegscheider:
  A generic uiml vocabulary for device- and modality independent user interfaces. 434-435
  
• Doina Caragea, Tanveer Fathima Syeda-Mahmood:
  Semantic api matching for automatic service composition. 436-437
  
• Thomas M. Oinn, Matthew Addis, Justin Ferris, Darren Marvin, R. Mark Greenwood, Carole A. Goble, Anil Wipat, Peter Li, Tim Carver:
  Delivering web service coordination capability to users. 438-439
  
• Xiaoli Li, Bing Liu:
  Dealing with different distributions in learning from. 440-441
  
• Jin Song Dong, Yuan-Fang Li, Hai H. Wang:
  TCOZ approach to semantic web services design. 442-443
  
• Jun Fujima, Aran Lunzer, Kasper Hornbæk, Yuzuru Tanaka:
  C3W: clipping, connecting and cloning for the web. 444-445
  
• Claus Pahl, Ronan Barrett:
  A web services architecture for learning object discovery and assembly. 446-447
  
• Philip S. Yu, Xin Li, Bing Liu:
  On the temporal dimension of search. 448-449
  
• Johannes Magenheim, Olaf Scheel:
  Integrating learning objects into an open learning environment: evaluation of learning processes in an informatics learning lab. 450-451
  
• Filippo Menczer:
  Combining link and content analysis to estimate semantic similarity. 452-453
  
• Junji Tomita, Hidekazu Nakawatase, Megumi Ishii:
  Graph-based text database for knowledge discovery. 454-455
  
• Denis Helic, Hermann A. Maurer, Nick Scerbakov:
  Combining individual tutoring with automatic course sequencing in WBT systems. 456-457
  
• Akiyo Nadamoto, Katsumi Tanaka:
  Time-based contextualized-news browser (t-cnb). 458-459
  
• Gui-Rong Xue, Hua-Jun Zeng, Zheng Chen, Wei-Ying Ma, Yong Yu:
  Similarity spreading: a unified framework for similarity calculation of interrelated objects. 460-461
  
• Li Zhang, Danilo Ardagna:
  SLA based profit optimization in web systems. 462-463
  
• Ronan Barrett, Sarah Jane Delany:
  OpenMVC: a non-proprietry component-based framework for web applications. 464-465
  
• Lloyd Rutledge, Jacco van Ossenbruggen, Lynda Hardman:
  Structuring and presenting annotated media repositories. 466-467
  
• Odysseas Papapetrou, George Samaras:
  Distributed location aware web crawling. 468-469
  
• Wei Tang, R. Kipp Jones, Ling Liu, Calton Pu:
  BizCQ: using continual queries to cope with changes in business information exchange. 470-471
  
• Dawei Ding, Jun Yang, Qing Li, Liping Wang, Wenyin Liu:
  Towards a flash search engine based on expressive semantics. 472-473
  
• Viswanathan Kodaganallur, Rob R. Weitz, David Rosenthal:
  VersaTutor: architecture for a constraint-based intelligent tutor generator. 474-475
  
• David Buttler, Daniel Rocco, Ling Liu:
  Efficient web change monitoring with page digest. 476-477
  
• Farhad Oroumchian, Ehsan Darrudi, Fattane Taghiyareh, Neeyaz Angoshtari:
  Experiments with persian text compression for web. 478-479
  
• Prashant Dewan, Partha Dasgupta:
  Pride: peer-to-peer reputation infrastructure for decentralized environments. 480-481
  
• Panos Kalnis, Wee Siong Ng, Beng Chin Ooi, Kian-Lee Tan:
  Answering similarity queries in peer-to-peer networks. 482-483
  
• Andrei Z. Broder, Ronny Lempel, Farzin Maghoul, Jan O. Pedersen:
  Efficient pagerank approximation via graph aggregation. 484-485
  
• Sreangsu Acharyya, Joydeep Ghosh:
  Outlink estimation for pagerank computation under missing data. 486-487
  
• Dragan Gasevic, Dragan Djuric, Vladan Devedzic, Violeta Damjanovic:
  Converting UML to OWL ontologies. 488-489
  
• Yeliz Yesilada, Simon Harper, Carole A. Goble, Robert Stevens:
  DANTE: annotation and transformation of web pages for visually impaired users. 490-491
  
• Giovambattista Ianni, Francesco Ricca, Francesco Calimeri, Vincenzino Lio, Stefania Galizia:
  An agent system reasoning about the web and the user. 492-493
  
• David Wolber, Christopher H. Brooks:
  Associative sources and agents for zero-input publishing. 494-495
  
• David Gibson:
  Surfing the web by site. 496-497
  
• Yugyung Lee, Chintan Patel, Soon Ae Chun, James Geller:
  Compositional knowledge management for medical services on semantic web. 498-499
  
• Hasan Davulcu, Srinivas Vadrevu, Saravanakumar Nagarajan:
  OntoMiner: bootstrapping ontologies from overlapping domain specific web sites. 500-501
  
• Brian D. Davison, Wei Zhang, Baoning Wu:
  Lessons from a Gnutella-web gateway. 502-503
  
• Jingwen Jin, Klara Nahrstedt:
  Hybrid multicasting in large-scale service networks. 504-505